The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW) under the flagship National Rural Health Mission introduced Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) as structured health screening of children for early detection and management of defects at birth, diseases, deficiencies and developmental delays including disabilities – “the 4Ds”.
RBSK is the first step towards attaining Universal Health Coverage through comprehensive, universal, equitable childhood screening and management for all children (birth-18 years). It is expected that 2.4 million children between the ages of 0-18 years will be screened across the country.
The programme focuses on birth defects which contributes to almost 10% of total new born deaths and 4% of under 5 mortality, their identification and quality management based on current scientific evidence at zero cost to the families. This would involve training ASHAs, Medical Officers, Nurses, and Mobile Health Teams including AYUSH doctors. Another new area of focus is management of developmental delays and disabilities which affects 10% of children below the age of 6 years through providing a District Early Intervention Centre (DEIC) at each of the districts in the country.
The Governments of India and Norway have entered into a partnership to work together toward the attainment of the Millennium Development Goal 4 (MDG 4) that aims to reduce child mortality worldwide. The objective of Norway India Partnership Initiative (NIPI) is to provide catalytic support that would make a strategic and sustainable difference to the rapid scaling up of quality child health services under the National Health Mission (NHM) in select states that contribute the highest number of child deaths.
NIPI completed the first phase of operation in 2012 in the focus states of Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Bihar and Rajasthan. It has started phase-2 of its operations to coincide with the new National Health Mission plan (NHM) (2013-2017).
UNDP - NIPI New-born project is providing technical support to the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India to roll out the Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK). The Technical support include development of operational guidelines outlining the major programme management aspects, training manuals for screening and management of different diseases, creating a cadre of master trainers at national level, guidelines for establishment of DEICs etc.
Presently, the States under the directions of MoHFW are implementing RBSK with varied intensity, understanding and experience. The complexities in rolling out of the RBSK nationwide with multiple dimensions of its management and the lack of experience in India and globally, necessitate intensified and systematic efforts.
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